A. Pengertian
Verb (kata kerja) merupakan salah satu Part of Speech, yang menunjukkan tindakan (write, hit, read) atau kejadian (happen, become) atau keadaan (<to>be, exist), dan sikap (agree, disagree, blame).
Ex :
1
|
Belajar
|
Study
|
2
|
Membaca
|
Read
|
3
|
Menulis
|
Write
|
4
|
Menyanyi
|
Sing
|
5
|
Menari
|
Dance
|
6
|
Makan
|
Eat
|
7
|
Minum
|
Drink
|
8
|
Berenang
|
Swim
|
9
|
Berlari
|
Run
|
10
|
Melompat
|
Jump
|
11
|
Berbicara
|
Speak
|
12
|
Bertanya
|
Ask
|
13
|
Menjawab
|
Answer
|
14
|
Bekerja
|
Work
|
15
|
Mencuci
|
Wash
|
16
|
Memasak
|
Cook
|
17
|
Mengambil
|
Take
|
18
|
Meletakkan
|
Put
|
19
|
Membuka
|
Open
|
20
|
Menutup
|
Close
|
21
|
Menunggu
|
Wait
|
22
|
Datang
|
Come
|
23
|
Pergi
|
Go
|
24
|
Cinta
|
Love
|
25
|
Benci
|
Hate
|
26
|
Suka
|
Like
|
27
|
Tinggal
|
Live/stay
|
28
|
Mengejek
|
Snear
|
29
|
Memukul
|
Hit
|
30
|
Meminjam
|
borrw
|
31
|
Tidur
|
Sleep
|
32
|
Mimpi
|
Dream
|
33
|
Bangun
|
Get up
|
34
|
Mandi
|
Bathe
|
35
|
Duduk
|
Sit
|
36
|
Berdiri
|
Stand
|
37
|
Memotong
|
Cut
|
38
|
Tertawa
|
Laugh
|
39
|
Menangis
|
Cry
|
40
|
Memanjat
|
Climb
|
41
|
Melihat
|
See
|
42
|
Mencari
|
Look for
|
43
|
Mencium
|
Kiss
|
44
|
Menolong
|
Help
|
45
|
Menyapu
|
Sweep
|
46
|
Membersihkan
|
Clean
|
47
|
Membeli
|
Buy
|
48
|
Menjual
|
Sell
|
49
|
Mengajar
|
Teach
|
50
|
Menonton
|
Watch
|
51
|
Memberi
|
Give
|
52
|
Menerima
|
Receive
|
53
|
Membawa
|
Bring
|
54
|
Mengunjungi
|
Visit
|
55
|
Berjalan
|
Walk
|
56
|
Mengerti
|
Understand
|
57
|
Berjanji
|
Promise
|
58
|
Berbisik
|
Whisper
|
59
|
Mengendarai
|
Drive
|
60
|
Memasak
|
Wear
|
B. Jenis dan Fungsi
1. Transitive Verb
Merupakan kata kerja yang membutuhkan objek kalimat. Jika kalimat verbal menggunakan transitive verb maka harus ada objek kalimat agar bisa dikatakan sebuah kalimat yang sempurna.
Ex :
- He opened the door every morning.
- I always drink a glass of water before going to sleep.
- Ichsan Kicked the ball in to the goal.
2. Intransitive Verb
Merupakan kata kerja yang tidak membutuhkan objek kalimat.
Ex :
- My sister is sleeping soundly.
- The car can run over 150 mil per hour.
- Rahman screamed since his friend appeared in front of him.
3. Linking Verb
Merupakan kata kerja yang berfungsi menghubungkan antara subject dengan complement (pelengkap). Kata yang dihubungkan dengan subject itu dinamakan subject complement. Yang termasuk linking verb adalah appear, be (am, is, are, was, were, etc.), become, feel, look, taste, stay, remain, seem, smell.
Ex :
- You are the most beautiful girl in this world.
- The food tasted delicious.
- I don't feel confident to deliver a speech.
4. Auxiliary Verb (kata kerja bantu)
Merupakan kata kerja yang bertugas untuk membantu kata kerja utama dalam sebuah kalimat tersebut. Yang termasuk auxiliary verb adalah Am, is, are, was, were, do, does, did, has, have, had, can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to, had better.
Ex :
- You should not swim in the river.
- I must go right now.
- You may take all your money on the bank every time via ATM.
5. Regular Verb
Merupakan kata kerja yang berubah secara teratur karena tenses kalimatnya berubah. Biasanya sebuah kata kerja yang teratur diberi tambahan [ed].
Ex :
- Ichsan published an article on this page.
- I looked for an assistant for this job.
- Hafiz walked on the boulevard in the morning yesterday.
6. Irregular Verb
Merupakan kata kerja yang berubah karena tensesnya dalam bentuk yang tidak teratur, sehingga tidak dapat diketahui Verb II dan III nya kecuali melihat pada kamus. misal : go > went > gone.
Ex :
- He had gone before I came.
- Mr. Ichsan sang a song on the roof of my home.
- My teacher wrote the lesson on the whiteboard.
C. Bentuk-bentuk
Kata kerja terbagi atas 3 bentuk, yaitu :
1. Bentuk 1 (V1) >> Infinitive (dasar/asli)
2. Bentuk 2 (V2) >> Past tense
3. Bentuk 3 (V3) >> Past participle
Ex :
V1
|
V2
|
V3
|
Study
|
Studied
|
Studied
|
Borrow
|
Borrowed
|
Borrowed
|
Go
|
Went
|
Gone
|
See
|
Saw
|
Seen
|
Read
|
Read
|
Read
|
Contoh dalam kalimat :
1. She goes to school everyday
2. They are sweeping the room
3. We have helped him
4. We saw a good film last night
5. Ichsan had been singing when rohmah came
Contoh-contoh diatas memiliki tensesnya masing-masing. Jadi, jika ingin mempelajarinya lebih dalam klik 16 Tenses